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Code for design of automatic fire alarm system

Posted: Thu Nov 11, 2021 1:56 pm
by vedard
GB 50116-2013 Code for design of automatic fire alarm system is National standards of the People's Republic of China.
This standard is equivalent to NFPA 72
National Fire Alarm Code
2007 Edition:This edition of NFPA 72 National Fire Alarm Code was prepared by the Technical Committees on Fundamentals of Fire Alarm Systems, Initiating Devices for Fire Alarm Systems, Protected Premises Fire Alarm Systems, Notification Appliances for Fire Alarm Systems, Supervising Station Fire Alarm Systems, Public Fire Reporting Systems, Testing and Maintenance of Fire Alarm Systems, and Single- and Multiple-Station Alarms and Household Fire Alarm Systems; released by the Technical Correlating Committee on Signaling Systems for the Protection of Life and Property; and acted on by NFPA at its June Association Technical Meeting held June 4–8, 2006, in Orlando, FL. It was issued by the Standards Council on July 28, 2006, with an effective date of August 17, 2006, and supersedes all previous editions. Tentative interim amendments (TIAs) to 5.7.3.2.3.1 and 6.8.2.1 were issued on July 28, 2006. For further information on tentative interim amendments, see Section 5 of the NFPA Regulations Governing Committee.

GB 50116-2013 Code:
The specification consists of 12 chapters and 7 appendices.The main contents include: general rules, terms, basic provisions, fire linkage control design, fire detector selection, system equipment Settings, residential building fire automatic alarm system, combustible gas detection alarm system, electrical fire monitoring system, system power supply, wiring, typical places of automatic fire alarm system, etc.
This code is formulated for the purpose of reasonably designing automatic fire alarm system, preventing and reducing fire hazards, and protecting personal and property safety.
This code is applicable to the design of automatic fire alarm systems set up in newly built, expanded and rebuilt buildings and structures, not applicable to the design of automatic fire alarm systems set up in the production and storage of gunpowder, explosive, ammunition, explosive products and other places.
Terms:
2.0.1 Automatic Fire alarm System
A fire control system that detects the early features of a fire, sends out fire alarm signals, provides control and indication for evacuation, preventing the spread of fire and starting automatic fire extinguishing equipment.
2.0.2 Alarm Zone Alarm Zone
A unit that divides the warning range of an automatic fire alarm system into fire zones, floors, etc.
2.0.3 Detection Zone
A unit that divides the alarm area into areas to detect fires.
2.0.4 Monitoring area
The area that a fire detector can effectively detect.
2.0.5 Installation spacing
Horizontal distance between two adjacent fire detector centers.
2.0.6 Protection radius Monitoring RADIUS
Maximum horizontal distance in one direction that can be effectively detected by a fire detector.
2.0.7 Linkage control signal to start & Stop an automatic equipment
The signal sent by the fire linkage controller to control the operation of fire fighting equipment (facility).
2.0.8 Linkage feedback signal feedback signal from automatic equipment
Controlled fire equipment (facility) to send its working status information to the fire linkage controller signal.
2.0.9 Signal for Logical Program is triggered
A signal received by the fire linkage controller for logical judgment.
3.1 General Provisions
3.2 System form selection and design requirements
3.3 Division of alarm area and detection area
3.4 Fire control room
3.1.1 Automatic fire alarm system can be used in places where people live, where people often stay, where important materials are stored or where serious pollution is generated after burning requires timely alarm.
3.1.2 Automatic fire alarm system shall be equipped with automatic and manual trigger devices.
3.1.3 Automatic fire alarm system equipment should be selected in line with the relevant national standards and relevant market access system.
3.1.4 The compatibility of interfaces and communication protocols between various devices in the system shall conform to the relevant provisions of GB 22134 in the current national standard "Compatibility Requirements for Components of Automatic Fire Alarm System".
3.1.5 The total number of fire detectors, manual fire alarm buttons and modules connected to any fire alarm controller and the total number of addresses shall not exceed 3200 points, and the total number of connected devices in each bus circuit shall not exceed 200 points, and the allowance shall not be less than 10% of the rated capacity;The total number of addresses of any fire control linkage controller or the total number of various modules controlled by the fire alarm controller (linkage type) should not exceed 1600 points, and the total number of connected devices in each linkage bus loop should not exceed 100 points, and the allowance should not be less than 10% of the rated capacity.
3.1.6 The bus short circuit isolator shall be set on the system bus. The total number of fire protection devices protected by the bus short circuit isolator, such as fire detectors, manual fire alarm buttons and modules, shall not exceed 32 points;When the bus passes through the fire protection zone, the bus short circuit isolator should be set at the crossing point.
3.1.7 In buildings with a height of more than 100m, except for the controllers set in the fire control room, fire detectors, manual alarm buttons and modules directly controlled by each controller shall not cross the refuge floor.
3.1.8 Fire electrical control devices such as water pump control cabinet and fan control cabinet shall not adopt frequency conversion start-up mode.
3.1.9 The automatic fire alarm system installed on the subway train shall be able to transmit the information of the location of fire on the train to the fire control room through wireless network and other means.
3.2.1 The selection of the form of automatic fire alarm system shall comply with the following provisions:
1 The area alarm system is recommended for protected objects that only need alarm and do not need linkage automatic fire protection equipment.
2 not only need to alarm, at the same time need linkage automatic fire equipment, and only set up a centralized control function of fire alarm controller and fire linkage controller protection object, should use the centralized alarm system, and should set up a fire control room.
If two or more fire control room protection objects are set, or two or more centralized alarm system protection objects are set, the control center alarm system shall be adopted.
3.2.2 The design of the regional alarm system shall comply with the following provisions:
1 The system shall be composed of fire detector, manual fire alarm button, fire sound and light alarm and fire alarm controller, etc. The system may include graphic display device of fire control room and area display indicating the floor.
The fire alarm controller shall be installed in the place where there are people on duty.
3 When the graphical display device of the fire control room is installed in the system, the device shall have the function of transmitting the relevant information specified in Appendices A and B of this code;If the system is not equipped with the fire control room graphic display device, fire transmission equipment should be set up.
3.2.3 The design of centralized alarm system shall comply with the following provisions:
1 The system shall be composed of fire detector, manual fire alarm button, fire sound and light alarm, fire emergency broadcast, fire special telephone, fire control room graphic display device, fire alarm controller, fire linkage controller, etc.
2 fire alarm controller, fire linkage controller and fire control room graphic display device, fire emergency broadcast control device, fire special telephone switchboard and other fire control equipment that play a centralized control role in the system should be set in the fire control room.
The graphical display device in the fire control room installed by the system shall have the function of transmitting the relevant information specified in Appendices A and B of this code.
3.2.4 The design of the alarm system of the control center shall comply with the following provisions:
1 Where there are two or more fire control rooms, one main fire control room shall be determined.
2 the main fire control room should be able to display all fire alarm signals and linkage control status signals, and should be able to control important fire equipment;The fire control equipment in each fire control room can transmit and display status information to each other, but should not control each other.
The graphical display device in the fire control room installed by the system shall have the function of transmitting the relevant information specified in Appendices A and B of this code.
Other designs shall comply with article 3.2.3 of this specification.
4.1.1 Fire linkage controller shall be able to send linkage control signals to related controlled devices according to the set control logic, and accept linkage feedback signals from related devices.
4.1.2 The voltage control output of the fire linkage controller shall adopt DC 24V, and its power supply capacity shall meet the control capacity requirements for the controlled fire equipment to be started and maintained at the same time.
4.1.3 The characteristic parameters of the interfaces of each controlled device shall match the linkage control signal sent by the fire linkage controller.
4.1.4 The control equipment of fire pump, smoke control and smoke exhaust fan shall adopt linkage control mode, and set manual direct control device in the fire control room.
4.1.5 Fire fighting equipment with large starting current should be started in time-sharing mode.
4.1.6 For fire fighting equipment that needs linkage control of automatic fire alarm system, linkage trigger signal shall adopt logical combination of alarm signals of two independent alarm trigger devices.
4.4.1 Gas fire extinguishing system and foam fire extinguishing system shall be controlled by special gas fire extinguishing controller and foam fire extinguishing controller respectively.
4.4.2 When the gas fire extinguishing controller and foam fire extinguishing controller are directly connected to the fire detector, the automatic control mode of the gas fire extinguishing system and foam fire extinguishing system shall comply with the following provisions:
1 The alarm signal of two independent fire detectors in the same protected area, one fire detector and one manual fire alarm button or emergency start signal outside the protected area should be used as linkage trigger signal of the system. The combination of detectors should adopt smoke fire detector and temperature fire detector.Each type of detector shall calculate the protected area separately according to the provisions of Section 6.2 of this specification.
2 gas extinguishing controller, foam extinguishing controller at the receiving to meet linkage logic relationship first linkage of the trigger signal, should start setting in the protection zone of sound and light alarm, fire linkage and trigger signal should be set any protective area smoke fire detector, and other types of fire detector and manual fire alarm button on the alarm signal for the first time;After receiving the second linkage trigger signal, linkage control signal shall be sent, and the linkage trigger signal shall be the alarm signal of the temperature sensing fire detector, flame detector or manual fire alarm button adjacent to the first alarm fire detector or manual fire alarm button in the same protection area.
Linkage control signal shall include the following contents:
1) Close the fan (exhaust) and air valve in the protection area;
2) Stop the ventilation and air conditioning system and close the electric fire valve set in the protected area;
3) Linkage control the start of the opening sealing device in the protection area, including closing the doors and Windows of the protection area;
4) Start gas fire extinguishing device, foam fire extinguishing device, gas fire extinguishing controller and foam fire extinguishing controller, and set the injection delay time not more than 30s.
4. In the protection area where no one works at ordinary times, it can be set to spray without delay. After receiving the first linkage trigger signal satisfying the linkage logic relationship, linkage control shall be carried out according to paragraph 3 of this article except starting gas fire extinguishing device and foam fire extinguishing device;After receiving the second linkage trigger signal, the gas extinguishing device and foam extinguishing device should be started.
5 The sound and light alarm indicating gas spraying should be set above the exit of the gas fire protection zone. The sound signal indicating gas release should be significantly different from the sound signal of the fire alarm set in the protected object.When starting the gas fire extinguishing device and foam fire extinguishing device, the sound and light alarm indicating gas spraying should be started at the entrance of the protected area.The combined distribution system should first open the selection valve of the corresponding protection area, and then start the gas extinguishing device and foam extinguishing device.
4.4.3 When the gas fire extinguishing controller and foam fire extinguishing controller are not directly connected to the fire detector, the automatic control mode of the gas fire extinguishing system and foam fire extinguishing system shall comply with the following provisions:
1 The linkage trigger signal of gas fire extinguishing system and foam fire extinguishing system shall be issued by fire alarm controller or fire linkage controller.
The linkage trigger signal and linkage control of gas fire extinguishing system and foam fire extinguishing system shall comply with the provisions of Article 4.4.2 of this code.
4.4.4 Manual control mode of gas fire extinguishing system and foam fire extinguishing system shall comply with the following provisions:
1. Manual start and stop buttons of gas fire extinguishing device and foam fire extinguishing device should be set outside the evacuation exit of the protection area. When the manual start button is pressed, the gas fire extinguishing controller and foam fire extinguishing controller should perform joint operation in accordance with the provisions of Article 4.4.2 3 and 5 of this code;When the manual stop button is pressed, the gas fire extinguishing controller and foam fire extinguishing controller should stop the joint operation being performed.
2. Manual start and stop buttons corresponding to different protection zones shall be set on the gas fire extinguishing controller and foam fire extinguishing controller. When the manual start button is pressed, the gas fire extinguishing controller and foam fire extinguishing controller shall perform joint operation in accordance with the provisions of Article 4.4.2 3 and 5 of this specification;When the manual stop button is pressed, the gas fire extinguishing controller and foam fire extinguishing controller should stop the joint operation being performed.
4.4.5 Linkage control and feedback signal of the system at each stage of starting and spraying of gas fire extinguishing device and foam fire extinguishing device shall be fed back to the linkage controller of fire extinguishing device.The linkage feedback signal of the system shall include the following contents:
1 Alarm signal of fire detector directly connected to gas fire extinguishing controller and foam fire extinguishing controller.
2 select the action signal of the valve.
3 Action signal of pressure switch.
4.4.6 For the system with manual and automatic control conversion device in the protected area, the working status of manual or automatic control mode shall be displayed on the display device of manual and automatic control status in and outside the protected area, and the status signal shall be fed back to the fire linkage controller.